rule:
  meta:
    name: encode data using Base64 via WinAPI
    namespace: data-manipulation/encoding/base64
    authors:
      - moritz.raabe@mandiant.com
    scopes:
      static: basic block
      dynamic: call
    att&ck:
      - Defense Evasion::Obfuscated Files or Information [T1027]
    examples:
      - mimikatz.exe_:0x40622D
  features:
    - and:
      - or:
        # number: 0x0 = CRYPT_STRING_BASE64HEADER (with certificate beginning and ending headers), FPs too likely for 0
        - number: 0x1 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64  # without headers
        - number: 0x3 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64REQUESTHEADER  # with request beginning and ending headers
        - number: 0x9 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64X509CRLHEADER  # with X.509 CRL beginning and ending headers
        # CRYPT_STRING_NOCRLF = 0x40000000, do not append any new line characters to the encoded string
        - number: 0x40000001 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64 | CRYPT_STRING_NOCRLF
        - number: 0x40000003 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64REQUESTHEADER | CRYPT_STRING_NOCRLF
        - number: 0x40000009 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64X509CRLHEADER | CRYPT_STRING_NOCRLF
        # CRYPT_STRING_NOCR = 0x80000000, only use the line feed (LF) character
        - number: 0x80000001 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64 | CRYPT_STRING_NOCR
        - number: 0x80000003 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64REQUESTHEADER | CRYPT_STRING_NOCR
        - number: 0x80000009 = dwFlags=CRYPT_STRING_BASE64X509CRLHEADER | CRYPT_STRING_NOCR
      - api: CryptBinaryToString